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13 APRIL 1972 - BATTLE OF AN LOC BEGINS - VietnamWar Saturday, April 22, 2023
13 APRIL 1972 - BATTLE OF AN LOC BEGINS - #VietnamWar
With only two American combat brigades still in Vietnam in March 1972, the Communist People's Army of (North) Vietnam (PAVN) and People's Liberation Armed Forces (PLAF), or Viet Cong (VC), launched a massive offensive.
Three enemy divisions attacked into the III Corps zone, smashed Army of the Republic of (South) Vietnam (ARVN) forward units, then surrounded An Loc, the capital of Binh Long province. On 13 April, although outnumbered, three regiments of the South Vietnamese 5th Division, Task Force 52 of the 3rd Ranger Group, provincial Regional Forces (RF), Popular Forces (PF) and People's Self-Defense Forces (PSDF) units, and their U.S. Army advisers, defended the town, its 10,000 residents and 5,000 civilian refugees against enemy infantry supported by armor, artillery and anti-aircraft units for the next ninety-five days.
South Vietnamese and U.S. air power provided effective support that helped blunt the enemy attacks on the contracting perimeter, and airlifted troops of some of the best South Vietnamese units, including the 81st Ranger Group and 1st Airborne Brigade, as reinforcements into the city.
With their backs against the wall in a desperate fight, South Vietnamese soldiers used M72 shoulder-fired Light Anti-Tank Weapons (LAW) to defeat enemy armor. When Soviet-made T-54s tanks penetrated the perimeter, U.S. Army AH1-G Cobra attack helicopters braved heavy anti-aircraft fire to destroy a number of them, prompting the rest to retreat. Meanwhile, the South Vietnamese 21st Division fought its way slowly along the QL-13 Highway, broke through and lifted the siege.
By 9 June the reinforced defenders began sweeping the area of enemy and expanded their perimeter. By 18 June, the battle was declared over, and South Vietnamese began a counter-offensive. While American airpower played a significant role, the successful defense of An Loc gave U.S. and South Vietnamese leaders
confidence in the success of Vietnamization.
#Armyhistory #USArmy #TRADOC Secretary of the Army U.S. Army Training and Doctrine Command U.S. Army Forces Command (FORSCOM)
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